Clinical outcome of tooth-supported fixed partial dentures in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients: A case series

INTRODUCTION Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most frequent congenital facial abnormality and multidisciplinary treatment extending over many years is necessary to rehabilitate the affected individuals to normal function and esthetics. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical treatment outcome for missing teeth with tooth supported fixed partial dentures in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tooth supported fixed partial denture (T-FPD) was utilized for restoration of missing teeth in the cleft area for 9 non syndromic, unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (U-CLP). The mean age of the patients was 25±4 years. The edentulous sites were prepared to receive ovate pontic for best possible esthetic results. Survival and complications were recorded following various biologic, technical and esthetic parameters up to 10 years of follow up. A clinical comparison was also made with respect to the periodontal status and development of new carious lesion between the restored cleft side teeth and corresponding teeth of the normal side with in the same patient. RESULTS Three failures experienced with fixed partial dentures were a result of ceramic chipping after 10 years, functional fracture after 3 years, and fracture due to external trauma after 2 years. DISCUSSION CLP patients undergo a lot of treatment; therefore understanding their opinions, expectations, and perspectives towards the prosthodontic intervention was given due importance. The provisional phase was utilized to educate the patients on the achievable treatment outcome and its limitation. In the present case series, out of three failed FPDs, only one restoration failed relatively early due to functional factors. Re-treatment was successfully achieved without change in the original material and extent of the FPDs. CONCLUSION The outcome accomplished endorses the integral role of T-FPDs in the overall cleft care and it will remain a viable treatment alternative in select few patients in meeting their esthetic and functional desires.